Long Distance Movements Of Animals - 1388 Words

Introduction For most species, movement is essential for life. Movement of seeds helps plants disperse, while animals move to forage, reproduce, find alternate habitat types, repopulate areas where they have been extirpated, and maintain genetic diversity needed to adapt to change. If individuals cannot move across a landscape to mix with individuals of other populations, local extinctions can result. Additionally, the smaller a population is, the more vulnerable it is to extinction if that population is also isolated (i.e., lacks the ability to intermix with other populations (Fagan Holmes 2006)). Juveniles are often especially important for movements that help maintain genetic diversity in populations (Rothermel Semlitsch 2002). Long distance movements of animals can take one of two forms, migration or dispersal. Migratory movements consist of daily, seasonal, or even generational movements among habitat types while dispersal movements are movements away from a normal range, providing for the mixing of genetic materials, or the population of new habitats or repopulation of previously occupied but currently vacant habitats. When animals migrate, it is because there is a need for individuals in a population to move to a different habitat patch. These movements can be to reach a breeding site (Sinevro 2007, Webster et al. 2002), a more favorable climate (Peà ±uelas Filella 2001), an overwintering area (Wilcove Wikelski 2008), or better forage (Olson et al. 2006).Show MoreRelatedTransportation, Transportation And Transportation1477 Words   |  6 Pagesmodern world is advancing and will continue to evolve over time. It has not always been as advance as is it today. There are different modes of transportation such as air, railroads, road, and water. Transport and or transportation is the movement of people, animals, goods and possessions from one location to another. Having transportation help leads the drive of operations. Transportation is important because it authorizes trade between persons, which is crucial for the development of civilizationsRead MoreComparing the Life of a Dog and the Life of a C at712 Words   |  3 Pagestheir good life. Cats are similar to the dogs in that they are carnivores. Cats kept as pets should be taken greater case of it in the long run. The two are also very important as they are domestic animals. However, the two animals, the cat and the dog are enemies in some way (Peddie, 1994). They cannot stay in peace together. This is evident as the two animals keep on fighting over and over again. In more contrast, the cat is friendlier than the dog. People prefer cats to dogs. This is due to veryRead MoreThe Great Military Of The Nation State1359 Words   |  6 PagesWith the rise of the nation state has come the need for a force to protect it and project its political will. As nation states have grown, so too have the forces that protect it. Large armies that need to move any distance from their home bases need to bring their supplies with them or procure them on the move. Supplying these armies has always been a challenge, and it will continue to be a challenge in the future. Many great military leaders faced these issues; the greatest advances in logisticsRead MoreShort Story1363 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Shhhhhh†¦Ã¢â‚¬  while, Sopa spoke the other two men had their index finger on their lips. â€Å"Sounds like large cats.† Sopa said. â€Å"I can quietly go check them out.† Juma added. Instantly, wanting to identify the animal[s]making the moans, Dr. KK said, â€Å"No! I would not have any one of us go anywhere alone. Please wait!† The whole place was quiet, the moon rose high as it illuminated the night, highlighting images of different terrains and vegetation and outlining them in the dark. The stars continuedRead MoreHow Organic Farming Affects The Growth Of The Green Movement1061 Words   |  5 Pagesdramatically decreased and more insecticides has become extremely popular. In the 1960’s and 1970’s the ‘Be Natural’ approach started, people were becoming more concerned with their health and environment. This started up the growth of the green movement. The green movement helped conserve the environment and push farmers to go back to organic farming. People have become concerned with their health due to all the chemicals now put into farming. Organic Farming plays a huge role in health, government, and theRead MoreOrganism Physiology Paper885 Words   |  4 Pageseven known to live in larger river systems. Dolphins belong in the kingdom anamalia; phylum, corata; class mammalia; o rder, cetacean; sub-order, odonteceti; family, delphinidae; genus, delphinus; and species, delphis. Dolphins are believed to have a long evolutionary past dating back several, tens of millions of years Dolphins are very social creatures and use this group interaction for hunting, defense, and reproduction. Normally dolphins are found in groups or families of 2-40 members called podsRead MoreEcholocation Is A Sensory Ability That Uses The Reflection1291 Words   |  6 Pagestheir environment and reflecting off objects. The sound waves returns back to the animal for visual guidance. The information perceived from emitting the sound waves are typically used for distance and direction but are also used in a variety of ways such as finding food or escaping from predators. There are certain animals that use these traits both in water and in air in similar ways. Prime examples of these animals are bats and whales. More specifically the kind of bats that use echolocation isRead MoreEssay on Xenotransplantation758 Words   |  4 PagesXenotransplantation The progress thats being made in the field of Xenotransplantation; the transplantation of an animal organ into a human host, is vital to the betterment of science and medicine and should not be hindered by the ignorant trepidation of a few individuals. The number of patients requiring organ transplants has exceeded the number of available human donors. For this reason science is looking to xenotransplantation as a solution which may yield access to a plethora of availableRead MoreA Research Study On Bottlenose Dolphins1188 Words   |  5 PagesCoastal dolphin has a small body and large flippers to increase agility and heat dissipation. They have a limited movement into offshore waters and like shallow warm water near the shore. Coastal dolphins for the most part remain in their region. The Offshore dolphin has a large body to help conserve heat and defend itself against predators. They are less restricted in range and movement and like deep, cold waters. Offshore dolphins in the Nor th Atlantic have migratory patterns that follow prey distributionRead MoreThe Earliest Form Of Transportation Was Human Transport1095 Words   |  5 PagesThe earliest form of transportation was human transport. The first people on Earth had to cross large distances in order to find the resources to live such as shelter, water, and food. Around 4,000 BC, however, humans eventually were able to tame animals such as donkeys and horses in order to use them as transportation. About 500 years later, the wheel was invented in what is now Iraq and Egyptians developed sailboats. Romans were responsible for having constructed a complex network of roads which

The Congo African Grey Parrots - 1384 Words

The Congo African Grey parrots are a wonderful breed of bird. They are commonly between 26 to 32 cm in length and usually around 450g. They are grey in colour, with a solid black beak, and a red tail. The average lifespan for a Congo African Grey parrot is 50 years old, though they have been know to live to around 80 years old. Congo African Grey parrots are renowned as being one of the most intelligent birds. Congo African Grey parrots have an excellent ability to talk and to mimic sounds and words. While they are very intelligent, aware, and quick to learn birds, they can also be sensitive and mischievous. Congo African Grey parrots are a very unique, bright bird. If Congo African Grey parrots are to be kept in captivity, it is best to†¦show more content†¦Perches are very important for Congo African Grey parrots as they spend most of their time on them, when they are not flying. The perches should be of varying diameters, though for a primary perch, the Congo African Grey parrots feet should wrap about  ¾ of the way around the perch. Perches set on opposite ends of the aviary or cage without obstacles in the way is a good idea as it allows for flight. The perches should be made of varying materials (such as branches from safe trees such as fruit trees, rope). The perches should be situated so that the parrot s tail does not hit the bars. Perches should not be situated to allow access to the food and water dishes, but not over them, as this can cause hygiene issues. Congo African Grey parrots are social creatures, they need company of their same breed. To stop breeding same sex birds can be kept together, or it can be discouraged by not providing a nesting box. Veterinary advice should be sought if there is any help needed to stop the birds breeding. Along with company, the Congo African Grey parrot needs plenty of space to fly freely. Congo African Grey parrots are incredibly intelligent birds, they need plenty of stimulation in the form of interactive toys, puzzles, bells, and varied bird safe toys to keep them entertained. The toys and puzzles should be sturdy enough and large enough for the Congo African Grey parrot to play with, without it breaking or being swallowed. Toys andShow MoreRelatedIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesof a typescript Ibo-English dictionary, edited by T.J. Dennis, are in existence (one is in the library of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London). The material is stated in the introduction to be mostly from Onitsha and its neighbourhood; it was collected by ‘Miss Warner and other Missionaries 2 Reviewed by M.M. Green in Journal of African Languages 8:48-50 (1969) 3 Some wordlists, however, reached a considerable length, notably that by Norris (1841) iv Igbo Dictionary:

Life of Pi Essay Example For Students

Life of Pi Essay Having just experienced the sinking of his familys ship, and being put onto a life boat with only a hyena, Pi felt completely lost and alone. When he sees Richard Parker, the Bengal tiger from his familys zoo, it is a familiar face to him. His initial reaction is to save the life of his familiar friend so that he may have a companion, and a protector aboard the lifeboat. Suddenly Pi realizes just what he is doing. He is saving the life of Richard Parker, by welcoming him, a 450 pound Bengal tiger, onto the small lifeboat. He experiences a change of heart when helping the tiger onto the boat. Pi realizes that he is now posing a threat on his own life. With Richard Parker on the boat, Pi is faced with not only the fight to survive stranded in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, but the fight to survive living with a meat eating tiger. The change of heart that Pi experiences might possibly mean that he is an impulsive thinker. It may mean that he often does something on impulse without thinking it through, and then later regrets his actions. We will write a custom essay on Life of Pi specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now How does Pi maintain his religious beliefs while on the boat? Pi maintains his religious beliefs while on the life boat through his daily prayers. He takes time aside each day to say the prayers that he always would say. In one instance, he turns where he believes Mecca is located, and prays his traditional prayers towards Mecca. Pi also often states that he will include specific animals in his prayers, such as the zebra aboard his lifeboat, and the first fish that he ever killed. With Pi keeping his ritual prayers going, it helped him to survive. He was able to somewhat maintain the religious lifestyle he had prior to the sinking of the Tsimtsum. We also find him making many religious affiliations throughout his journey. He made comparisons between that of Orange Juice, the orangutan, and the Virgin Mary, and would also often bring up Jesus on the cross. Truly, Pis religious faith remained strong throughout his journey on the Pacific Ocean. . Life of Pi Essay Example For Students Life of Pi Essay Life of Pi Essay Pi Patel is on a ship to a whole new world. Hes leaving his whole world behind except the zoo, its on board with him. When awoken by a sound, Pi goes to explore. He finds that the ship is sinking and before he can wake his family he is thrown into a lifeboat. A zebra falls into the lifeboat, breaking its leg. Without truly realizing what he is doing, Pi helps Richard Parker onto the lifeboat. Then he realizes, he is on a lifeboat with a 450 pound Bengal tiger. We will write a custom essay on Life of Pi specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Pi builds a raft out of oars and life jackets so that he can stay a safe distance from the lifeboat. The lifeboat doesnt seem to have the tiger on it at all. Just a zebra and a hyena and orangutan. The hyena attacks both zebra and orangutan and then the tiger appears. He is sleek and quiet about his approach. None the less, Pi Patel is now alone on a lifeboat with Richard Parker. He wonders how he will survive with a tiger. Pi decides that it would be best to keep the tiger alive, to act as the alpha. He trains Richard Parker to understand which space belongs to who. Pi uses a solar power water filter for fresh water and fishes for food. He feeds himself and the tiger. This keeps them at more of a alpha relationship because Richard Parker knows where his food and water come from. When there is no fish to caught and no more supplies, the only option is to starve for that day. Finally, Pi and Richard Parker land on an island. It is a very mysterious place. The trees seem to grow straight out of the algae and the meerkats do no seem to be afraid of anything. There are fresh water ponds and for some reason Richard Parker always returns to the lifeboat at night to sleep. Pi finds out the algae is acidic and thats why Richard Parker sleeps in the boat at night. Pi waits until Richard Parker is on the boat and then they leave. Pi hits land some days later. Richard Parker jumps out of the boat and runs into a forest to hide. Pi is found by a group of people who all try and help him. He is put with a foster family and moves to Canada. This is the story of Pi Patels journey and his conflicts. . Life of pi Essay Example For Students Life of pi Essay Life of pi Essay, written by Yann Martel is one of Canada;s most acclaimed books. It tells the story of sixteen-year-old Pi Patel;s journey while he discovers religion and his own determination and strength. This book is highly recommended for many reasons including the insightful views expressed on religion and life, the interesting facts on zoology, and the author;s unique talent in making something that at first glance seemed totally unrealistic become reality humour inserted along the way! First of all, it is obvious that Pi Patel learns to have a very open mind when it comes to religion as he has embraced three of them, resulting in a unique Hindu-Christian-Muslim boy. His interesting views on the different religions lead the readers to broaden their horizons and have an open mind to different religions. His analogies were also quite humorous, for example, when comparing the crucifixion of Jesus Christ to his father feeding him to the lions because the latter killed two llamas, a black buck, a camel, painted storks, grey herons, and who;s to say for sure who snacked on our golden agouti?;. We will write a custom essay on Life of pi specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In addition, Pi Patel;s journey helped him have a great view on life and its value, allowing him to give many anecdotes that make the reader stop and think. For example: I have nothing to say of my working life, only that a tie is a noose, and inverted though it is, it will hang a man nonetheless if he;s not careful.; Secondly, this book is packed with zoological information including mating, hunting, and sleeping habits of a variety of animals from hippopotamuses to ;meerkats; (small African carnivorous burrowing mammals). Also, it includes many circus trainer tactics for lions and tigers, such as using foreign surroundings, having an erect posture, a calm demeanour, a steady gaze, a fearless step forward, a strange roar, etc. Also, Pi Patel;s very original view on how animals are indeed happy in a zoo was very enlightening for anyone who has ever felt sorry for the entrapped animals, feeling that the latter were not free. According to this boy, animals in the wild are driven by ne cessity in an environment where the supply of fear is high and the supply of food is low, whereas the environment in a zoo is quite contrary. Also, animals are quite territorial (no matter what the territory is) and they protect it, not because they are prisoner of it, but because they are landholder of it. Finally, whoever would have thought the story of a sixteen-year-old boy trapped on a lifeboat with a hyena, an orang-utan, a zebra with a broken leg, and a 450-pound Royal Bengal tiger would ever be plausible? However, the way Yann Martel has written the book, with the author;s note in the beginning, explaining how this novel came to be written, the inserted chapters told from a journalist;s point of view (possibly the author himself) visiting an older Pi Patel, and the third part of the novel with the taped inquisition from two members of the Japanese Ministry of Transport really makes the reader search time and time again for the phrase A True Story written on the front cover. In conclusion, Life of Pi is a brilliantly written book full of insightful views, humorous analogies, and anecdotes on religion and life, inte resting facts one would probably never learn in their lifetime unless they majored in zoology or circus training, and an intricate, unrealistic, yet believable, plot. This novel is highly recommended to any person, young or old, as reading it will truly be a life-altering experience. .

Slavery, Racism, and the trans

Slavery is a practice which dates back thousands of years. Conversely, racial discrimination is more appropriately defined by the mental and concrete conduct of the tormenter and the oppressed and their environmental context. Racism essentially defines the revulsion and trepidation that people keep on mankind with different skin colors.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Slavery, Racism, and the trans-Atlantic Slave Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The advent of the trans-Atlantic slave trade in the early modern period gives evidence of how old slavery is. Europeans who arrived in Africa came with the impression that they are much superior to Africans. This wont angle clearly signifies how to a degree slavery arose from racism. Africans were seen as lesser human beings who were incapable of much advancement. They were viewed as uncouth and vulgar, traits which differed from the White generations. Colonizers he nce used this claim to justify their being slaves. Africans were seen as less than ordinary human beings who did not merit equal consideration, therefore could not be treated as humanely as the others. There was widespread suspicion, which eventually led to substantial abuse, which further intensified the determination of the Whites to have laborers. The more the White population increased the more demand for labor in plantations and the existing manufacturing industries. In England, for example, the staff was thoroughly Black; hence the appearance of the idea of Africans being slaves. Their children inherited this image, and the slavery convention gradually became fortified. By the 17th century, Africans were convincingly seen as assets to be transacted. They were part of the transactions including other stuff in trade. Ciphers were formulated in an attempt to control slaves. Laws which were formulated later in the century endeavored to establish punctilious preeminence over Black people. This form of racism was bent to ensure that Blacks resigned to their fate of being slaves. These codes gave them no hope of ever acquiring sovereignty. Blacks were not seen as worthy of the privileges of liberty for which they were demanding. Whites constantly oppressed Africans in order to self-enhance their ego. This self-centered psychology and bigoted personality are what resulted in slavery in various countries. This impacted other colonies who strived to pass Black descendants through these ideologies. Presently, African Americans in America comprise the greater percentage of the prison population. They are among the most poor, uneducated and unemployed. Police are also more likely to kill a Black man than a White individual. The innate fear and hatred that we have on the success of other skin colors indicate the extraordinary existance of racism. Advertising Looking for essay on african american? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Discrimination is part of the process of oppression. Differences in inherited characteristics, for example, skin color, have been used traditionally used to classify the oppressed as less inferior. In the context of the Atlantic Slave Trade, it could be argued that racism in the New World arose from slavery. Bigotry was an outcome of slavery at the onset of early entrepreneurship. Slavery existed as a system of trade before America began its conquests, long before racism could be defined. Classical roman empires were based on the slave trade which had no relations to the skin color of people. Slaves were mainly from countries which had been conquered, or victims of war. There was no interest on the ethnic attribution of the slaves, as their sole purpose was to provide. Humans were classified as either cultured or heathen. Hence, a White person could be considered as barbaric therefore less accomplished while a wise black being could be viewed as more productive. The civilization process could not have been that rapid had the spirit and input of slaves not have been integrated in maturity. The trans-Atlantic slave trade, which lasted hundreds of years, is credited for the massive migration of Blacks and the intensification of the slave trade. It was the initiation of globalization of the new world. This resulted in Africans being transacted as property by Americans and Europeans leading to their exploitation and eventually prejudice. The trade was all-inclusive, leading to an outsized economic framework for the coordinating countries. Religious, legal and philanthropic grounds justified forced labor. The culture and religion of many African communities were affected through this trend hence disadvantaging the intensification of success in the continent. Africa could not compete effectively with other continents, predominantly America and Europe who were growing their economies through forced labor. The world viewed Africa as a continent of slaves who were doomed to be second-rate to other races. Slavery thus resulted in the background of racial discrimination, with the Whites stereotyping Blacks as being substandard. These stereotypes were so severe that even Whites who were much poorer than some Blacks were seen as superior and deserving better treatment. The color of their skin exempted them from slavery and ensured their receipt of essential civil rights. The Blacks were keenly supervised in plantations, for fear of revolts. This fear of a revolution gradually grew tensions between the two races; the slave and the lord, leading to the formation of ethnic distinctiveness in the western countries.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Slavery, Racism, and the trans-Atlantic Slave Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These new distinctions destabilized the resistance of the White generation to slavery. Whites who were once slaves got incorporated into more benign forms of paid employment. Slavery was subsequently exclusively related to any Black person. Any African was thus seen as a potential slave, incase an individual was not one already. The cultural boundaries were thus opened by slavery in the new world. Slavery lasted for the many years due to its profitability. The affluent became richer as the sweat of the unpaid slaves expanded their farms. The trans-Atlantic transactions of slaves were also promoted by some African leaders who collaborated with Whites in capturing slaves. This portrays an imperfect image for Africans who are seen to have encouraged the trade. The domestic disturbance successfully eradicated slavery in the United States. Unfortunately, the effect on slavery was exceedingly minimal. Just as it was created to explain forced labor, racism was fashioned to classify Blacks as second-rate citizens. During colonization, the super powers exploited different territories in search of cheap raw materials to mait ain their industries. They made decisions for the populace in the invaded territories thus signifying their superiority. Racism continued in order to justify the mistreatment during the trans-Atlantic traffic. The development of African children who learn about their inferiority at a tender age is undoubtedly influenced. Leaders were taught how to administer power by practicing dictatorship. Changing this understanding in order to promote democracy in African countries thus becomes extremely difficult. Europeans and Americans therefore have no weight to disparage the administration criteria of Africans heads of state. This employment of political force has affected many countries, increasing distraught conditions like paucity and food shortage. The above arguments suggest that racism was made my man in order to justify certain actions like slavery. This means that racial segregation can be eliminated through reducing the feelings of supremacy. The relationship of discrimination and private enterprises is immensely valid. In any capitalistic setting, racism must always be involved. Capitalism is the source of ethnic segregation, and its abolishment will unquestionably eradicate racism.Advertising Looking for essay on african american? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Slavery, Racism, and the trans-Atlantic Slave Trade was written and submitted by user Roselyn Potter to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

THE GOOD, BAD AND UGLY. essays

THE GOOD, BAD AND UGLY. essays Movies play a major role in our lives. This form of art is designed to educate and entertain our souls. There are different types of movies; comedy ,drama, action, romance and etc. A large number of movies are very creative and interesting, while other are a joke. This essay will examine the good, bad and ugly movies that are in the market based on the authors opinion. A good movie requires to possess certain characteristics; nice sound effects, beautiful picture, best actors, an outstanding story and etc. This is the main reason why I consider John Q to be one of the best movies ever made. It deals with reality. Its both educational and entertaining. Poor people in America and all over the world arent given a fair medical attention and treatment ( as middle class and rich people). This movie portrays this issue. Denzel Washington does an outstanding acting job in the movie. His son needs heart surgery, but he is left hanging since his parents have no benefits. The movie shows how bad the lower class suffers in life. Its very touching. There is a lot of action in this movie too. You have to watch it. Rent it, if you are not satisfied I will personally give you a refund. Cold Mountain is an example of a bad/decent movie. Its story is nice and romantic. Its too romantic though, that kills it. On the other had it shows the American life during Civil War. The music is pretty annoying. I hate the graphics, they are horrible. The ending sad, not what I expected. In other words its a boring romantic movie that has a decent story about American life during the Civil War. If you have nothing to do or money to waste, watch it. The ugliest movie in the entire solar system is Without a paddle. Its very idiotic. Its not even entertaining.It makes no sense. It gets to a point were its no even funny. Music was the only decent thing; otherwise its a waste of time watching it. My words cant e ...

Study case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Study case - Essay Example There is the well-recognized need to retain Vladimir, to get him to co-operate with colleagues and dispense with non-performers. Viewed from this perspective, the suggestion to bring in new talent and to put the non-performers on notice is a good strategy to reduce the negative effects of intergroup conflict. In other words, we are creating a situational change by this strategy. To make this strategy work, it is appropriate to involve him in the selection and the induction process for the new recruits. This would increase the acquaintance potential of the team and provide a chance for better appreciation of the team’s shared goal. This would be an apt recognition of Vladimir’s talents, send the right message to others, besides thrusting additional responsibility on him. The suggestion to retain 6 top performers at the end of a defined period of training of the 5 new recruits serves the dual objectives of being fair but firm with the entire team – new as well as the existing. There will be natural attrition which is always a possibility even without this strategy. By declaring the notice period and the final intentions openly, a healthy competition is being created that would raise the co-operation and performance levels in the team, and will One possible risk in this strategy is that Vladimir might become more arrogant and consider himself indispensible. However, since the attempt is to put together a much superior team, the disparity between him and others will reduce; further, he is being made responsible for his team’s performance or failure. These changes will mellow his behavior. This aspect can also be further strengthened by periodic counseling process which is so essential in any conflict

Relationships in the Church of Christ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Relationships in the Church of Christ - Essay Example cans and African Americans, the thesis would try to define the role of Church of Christ in uniting these two cross cultural communities and study its influence in promoting leadership qualities for acculturation. The two ethnic communities; Mexican-American and African-American are characterized by their vastly different cultures and individual set of cross cultural problems. But the social barriers have been overcome to build a society where these two different communities collaborate and mutually support each other and successfully help build relationships within the Church of Christ. The study would make efforts to compare the two groups’ leadership roles, on the basis of their assimilation, integration and cross-cultural communication and study the predominant influence of Church of Christ in prevailing over language, race and socio-economic constraints. The thesis aims to collect relevant data through comprehensive interview schedules and study the historical importance of 8th Street Church of Christ in San Jose, CA. in consolidating and uniting the congregation that is defined by its diversity in terms of language and culture. The scope of the thesis would include the study of Church of Christ, incorporating various factors like: organization of church services, integration of funds, language barriers, translation of sermons, communication between the eldership and deacons, individual thoughts of leaders, how scripture defines leadership roles etc., which determine the impact of Church in promoting and building social relationships that transcend the border of race, language and culture especially in the last five years. The research proposes to analyze the data and evaluate it from the various perspectives so that an unbiased and detailed outcome could be reached on the impact of Church on these two communities which have overcome cross cultural barriers to forge long lasting relationships that promotes professional and personal excellence in the field